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Spondylisthesis

Presentation Visible dip in back, chronic in nature, x ray reveals slip > 2mm, fall / accident when 2- 15 years of age. Stress fractures as a young kid and adult. Pins and needles and numbness in legs. Treatment X-ray or CT scans is a must to reveal extent of the damage. Grade 1 will […]
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Spinal stenosis (SS)

Presentation Knee to chest whilst laying on back gives relief, standing straight is sore, extension (bending backwards) nil, feels good to sit, SLR (Straight Leg Raise) decreased. Hurts to walk upright. Pins and needles into legs, numbness into legs, foot drop. SS is an aging spine condition. Treatment Avoid stand, prone (laying on tummy), supine […]
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Piriformis Syndrome

Presentation Affected side is sore in the buttock and causes sciatic symptoms down the leg, tight piriformis and glute med (buttock muscles), sitting increases pain, all other tests for lower back are inconclusive. Pain down the leg is reproduced with performing a piriformis stretch (refer to video “Piriformis stretches”) or pushing on the piriformis in […]
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Moderate to marked degenerative changes in the facet joints

Presentation Extension sore (bending backwards), hyperextension is really sore on the side of injury and only mildly sore on the opposite side, flexion sore (bending forward), bending to the sides is very stiff and sore. Sitting and standing tasks aggravate the back. Unable to lay on affected side for too long (20 minutes). Sharp electric […]
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Moderate broad-based disc bulge

Presentation Forward flexion and bending backwards restricted, pins and needles, leg and buttock pain, or numbness. Hurts to sit, lift, bend forward and walk. Very stiff in the morning. Unable to perform straight leg raise. Bending to the side feels really stiff and sore. Unrelenting pain and it feels constantly sore. Treatment Avoid sitting, bending […]
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Moderate bilateral stenosis of the intervertebral foramina

Presentation Pins and needles, numbness, weakness in legs. Hurts to stand up straight. Sitting down helps reduce pain. Very stiff in the morning. Walking and standing increases pain. Sleeping on the side helps decrease pain and sleeping on back and tummy aggravates the back. Sciatic pain into the legs. All movements are restricted. Treatment Avoid […]
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Minor degenerative changes in the Lumbar facet joints

Presentation Extension sore (bending backwards), hyperextension is really sore on the side of injury and only mildly sore on the opposite side, flexion sore sometimes (bending forward), LF (bending to the side) to sore side is painful, LF to opposite side is OK, TOP (Tenderness on Palpation) and spasm sometimes present. Sitting down sometimes relieves […]
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Mild broad-based posterolateral disc bulge with indentation and posterior displacement of the thecal sac

Presentation Forward flexion (bending forward) is restricted, occasional pins and needles, leg and buttock pain, or numbness. Hurts to sit, lift, bend forward and walk. Very stiff in the morning. The pain feels like it radiates away from the back like a belt. The key with this injury is abide by the guidelines of healing […]
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Lumbar Joint Issues

Presentation Extension (bending backwards) is sore, hyperextension is really sore on the side of injury and only mildly sore on the opposite side, flexion (bending forward) is sore sometimes, LF (bending to the side) to sore side is painful, LF to opposite side is OK, TOP (Tenderness on palpation) and spasm sometimes present. Sitting down […]
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Lower Back Strain

Presentation:    Pain in the lower back, including into the buttocks, nil pins and needles, nil numbness. Treatment: Avoid lifting Avoid sitting more than 20 minutes without changing position Avoid standing more than 30 minutes without changing position Avoid reaching Avoid pushing and pulling Pain killers if necessary, from doctor, or oral Nsaids for 1-2 weeks […]